predicate feat. object

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Доброго времени суток!
Расскажите мне пожалуйста как можно более сжато про типы сказуемого.
Я читаю Каушанскую, но валю работу уже второй раз. Завтра бы написать, чтобы сессия не осталась открытой.

Simple predicate ясно и понятно, а вот сompound predicate (compound nominal, compound verbal modal, compound verbal aspect, compound modal nominal, compound aspect nominal и compound modal aspect) — здесь всё плохо.
Если к первому разу не разобралась просто, то ко второму вроде всё поняла, но мне это не помогло, и я всё равно завалила. Помогите пожалуйста, а?

И еще — как-нибудь помогите с различием direct и indirect objects, а то та же ситуация, что со сказуемыми. Не понимаю....

@темы: грамматика

Comments

[providez]

Попробуйте почитать Гордон-Крылову. В первый раз сломаете мозг, но во второй все поймете)

1) simple verbal predicates — they consist of only a notional verb (in any tense, aspect, voice or mood form),
e.g. His words frightened me.
I've given her every chance.
The heavy luggage had been put in a dry place.
I shouldn't think the idea so unreasonable.
To this kind also belong predicates expressed by phraseological units and set phrases which are treated as verb equivalents in this book.
e.g. They are having breakfast now.
I took a walk as far as the river.
She amuses herself at our expense.
They have been taking care of your children long enough.
2) compound nominal predicates — they consist of a link-verb and a predicative (= a nominal part) commonly expressed by a
noun or an adjective. Other parts of speech may also be sometimes found in the function of predicative (see below).
The link-verb expresses all the verbal characteristics of the predicate whereas the nominal part is the main bearer of meaning. The most commonly occurring link-verbs are to be, to become, to get, to grow, to look, to seem, to turn.
e.g. He was a mining engineer by profession.
The leaves are turning yellow.
Dave looked surprised.
3) compound verbal predicates — they consist of a finite form and a verbal or an adjective. The meaning of the first component is very pale. It mainly serves as a finite verb and usually expresses the speaker's attitude or indicates the position/motion of the subject. The meaning of the verbal or the adjective is quite prominent and determines the meaning of the whole unit.

As the first component of a compound verbal predicate we find:
a) modal verbs (can, may, must, be to, have to, shall, should, will, would, ought to, need, dare),
e.g. You oughtn't to go back on your word.
You should have gone to the concert.
He had to tell the story to his room-mate.
She must have regretted doing it.
b) verbs of seeming (to seem, to appear),
e.g. He seemed to have heard the news.
For a moment she appeared to be hesitating.
c) verbs of unexpected occurrence (to happen, to turn out, to chance, to prove),
e.g. They happened to meet at the bus-stop.
He turned out to have no feelings for his nephew.
d) some verbs of position and motion (to stand, to sit, to lie, to be in/out/away, to come, to go),
e.g. He sat staring at the letter.
The boys have gone fishing.
Mother is out shopping.
They stood motionless with their backs to the wall.