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читать дальшеPrices ration scarce recources, and they motivate production. As a general rule, the more scarce something is, the higer its price will be, and the fewer people will want to buy it.Economists describe this as the rationing effect of prices.
Economists refer to this as the production-motivating function of prices.Prices send out signals to buyers and sellers, keeping the economy responsive to the forces of supply and demnd.
Perfectly competitive makets are those in which many buyers and sellers, with full knowledge of market conditios,buy and sell products that are identical to one another.
Demand is a consumer`s willingness and ability to buy a product or service at a particular time and place. If you would love to own a new pair of athletic shoes but can`t afford them, economists would describe that your feeling are desire, not demand.If,however, you had the money and were ready to spend it on shoes, you would be included in their demand calculations.
The law of demand describes the relationship between prices and the quantity of goods and services that would be purchased at each price.It says that all else being equal, more items will be sold at a lower price than at a higher price.